End-to-end Named Entity Recognition from English Speech

Named entity recognition (NER) from text has been a widely studied problem and usually extracts semantic information from text. Until now, NER from speech is mostly studied in a two-step pipeline process that includes first applying an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system on an audio sample and then passing the predicted transcript to a NER tagger. In such cases, the error does not propagate from one step to another as both the tasks are not optimized in an end-to-end (E2E) fashion. Recent studies confirm that integrated approaches (e.g., E2E ASR) outperform sequential ones (e.g., phoneme based ASR). In this paper, we introduce a first publicly available NER annotated dataset for English speech and present an E2E approach, which jointly optimizes the ASR and NER tagger components. Experimental results show that the proposed E2E approach outperforms the classical two-step approach. We also discuss how NER from speech can be used to handle out of vocabulary (OOV) words in an ASR system.