Peristaltic locomotion without digital controllers: Exploiting the origami multi-stability to coordinate robotic motions

This study proposes and examines a novel approach to generate peristaltic-like locomotion in a segmented origami robot. Specifically, we demonstrate the use of multi-stability embedded in origami skeleton to eliminate the need for multiple actuators or digital controllers to coordinate the complex robotic movements in peristaltic crawling. The crawling robot in this study consists of two serially connected bistable origami segments, each featuring a generalized Kresling design and a foldable anchoring mechanism. Mechanics analysis and experimental testing of this dual-segment module reveal a deterministic deformation sequence or actuation cycle, which is then used to generate the different phases in a peristaltic-like locomotion gait. Instead of individually controlling the segment deformation like in earthworm and other crawling robots, we only control the total length of this robot. Therefore, this approach can significantly reduce the total number of actuators needed for locomotion and simplify the control requirements. Moreover, the richness in Kresling origami design offers us substantial freedom to tailor the locomotion performance. Results of this study will contribute to a paradigm shift in how we can use the mechanics of multi-stability for robotic actuation and control.